2020版高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破通用版讲义：专题一 语法填空与短文改错 第一部分 题型一 .docxVIP

第一部分　题型解读 题型一　语法填空 考向一　有提示词 一、提示词为动词 动词在7个提示词中所占的比重最大，一般4个；以考查动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词以及词形转换为主。 1．谓语和非谓语的判断 根据英语的句法结构，如果一个句子中要出现多个动作，构成的句式有以下三种： [典例1]　Modern methods 63.of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [to perform　空格前出现了谓语动词are，且后边没有连词出现，故此处用非谓语动词；本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，通常用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。故答案为to perform。] [典例2]　I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [have made　由第二个连词and可知，此处为两个并列句。故空处应填谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知，空处应用现在完成时，故答案为have made。] 2．谓语动词的时态和语态 判断所填空处为谓语动词之后，根据以下三个步骤做题： [典例3]　In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [have reported 　根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语In recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。] [典例4]　Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65.to retire from her 36-year-old business.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [declared　根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。] [典例5]　On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,70.listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [were invited　由“On the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意知我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。] 3．非谓语动词 [典例6]　On our way to the house，it was raining 61.so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [to get　此处考查“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”这一句型结构，表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”。] [典例7]　When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed，we thought it was 69.a joke. (2019·全国Ⅱ) [saying　call与say是主动关系，故用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容。] 二、提示词为名词 一般考查名词单复数；有时也考名词变动词和名词变形容词。所以平时要注意结合构词法进行积累。 [典例8]　We are so proud of her.It’s 70 (wonder)．(2019·全国Ⅱ) [wonderful　根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故