无溶剂法合成蔗糖硬脂酸酯的工艺研究-.docVIP

第34卷第5期四川大学学报(工程科学版V ol.34N o.5 2002年9月JOURNA L OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY(E NGINEERING SCIE NCE E DITIONSept.2002文章编号:100923087(20020520067205 无溶剂法合成蔗糖硬脂酸酯的工艺研究 章亚东,蒋登高,刘诗飞,高晓蕾,王自健 (郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450002 摘　要:以乙醇代替有毒的甲醇与硬脂酸在酸催化下进行反应制出了硬脂酸乙酯。以硬脂酸乙酯与蔗糖为原料在催化剂和乳化剂的作用下,进行酯交换反应合成出蔗糖硬脂酸酯,本文详细考察了该合成反应过程中乳化剂、催化剂用量,反应温度,原料配比,反应时间等因素对蔗糖硬脂酸酯产率的影响,得出了较佳合成工艺条件,即硬脂酸乙酯∶蔗糖摩尔比为2.5∶1,乳化剂与蔗糖质量比为0.1∶1,催化剂与反应物料质量比为0.14∶1,反应温度120℃,压力 4.35kPa,时间3.5h,蔗糖酯产率约7 5.2%。此外,还把蔗糖硬脂酸酯制成易挥发衍生物,建立了分析其组成的气相 色谱方法。 关键词:蔗糖酯;无溶剂法;合成 中图分类号:T Q423文献标识码:A Process of Sucrose Ester Synthesized by N o2solvent Method ZH ANG Ya2dong,JIANG Deng2gao,LIU Shi2fei,G AO Xiao2lei,WANG Zi2jian (School of Chem.Eng.,Zhengzhou Univ.,Zhengzhou450002,China Abstract:Sucrose esters(SEare a new type of non2ionic surfactant which possesses high emulsifying,s oftening,deter2 gent,low foaming power and irritating properties,etc.In the presence of an acid catalyst,stearic acid ethyl ester has been synthesized by reaction with stearic acid and ethano1abs olute.Sucrose ester is prepared by transesterification from the stearic acid ethyl ester and sucrose in the presence of catalyst and emulsifier.The influence of many factors on the synthesis process,such as,am ount of emulsifier,reaction tem perature,ratio of raw materials,reaction time,and am ount of catalyst has been studied.The optimal process condition of synthetic reaction has been obtained,that is,m olecule ra2 tio of stearic acid ethyl ester to sucrose is about2.5~3∶1,mass ratio of catalyst to sucrose is about0.1∶1,mass ratio of emulsifier to total of reaction material is about0.14∶1,reaction tem perature120℃,pressure4.35kPa,time3.5h. The yield of Sucrose ester calculated by the am ount of sucrose is about75.2%.In addition,gas chromatogram analysis method of SE has als o been established. K ey w ords:sucrose esters;no2s olvent method;synthetic process 　　蔗糖酯(SE是由蔗糖与高级脂肪酸合成的一类非离子表面活性剂的总称,一般为白色至象牙色粉状、块状、蜡状固体,或无色至微黄色粘稠状或树脂状液体,无臭味与异味,具有良好的乳化、分散、润 收稿日期:2001200200 基金项目:河南省自然科学基础研究资助项目(994032