细胞生物学蛋白分选.pptVIP

Size Shape: Made up of an orderly stack of flattened, membranous layers, known as cisternae. A typical Golgi complex is made up of 8 cisternae. The cisternae have a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. Individual Golgi stacks connect to form a ribbon-like structure.  Location: Located within the cytoplasm Often situated near the Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: The Golgi apparatus is essentially a protein ‘packaging plant.’ The structure is divided into two functional components: the cis Golgi network and the trans Golgi network. Proteins synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum enter the cis Golgi network, where they are either sent back to the endoplasmic reticulum or sent onto the next Golgi network. The proteins enter the trans Golgi network where they are segregated into different directions, either heading towards the plasma membranes or other cellular locations. In short, the Golgi complex assists in the modification of newly synthesized proteins. In particular, this organelle is also responsible for the assembly of the sugar portion of the glycoproteins and glycolipids. 胞质蛋白质合成 信号肽引导 导肽 核定位信号 有信号斑 signal 信号 post translocation cotranslocation 信号序列 signal sequence 输入细胞核 -Pro-Pro-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val- 输出细胞核 -Leu-Ala-Leu-Lys-Leu-Ala-Gly-Leu-Asp-Ile- 输入线粒体 +H3N-Met-Leu-Ser-Leu-Arg-Gln-Ser-Ile-Arg-Phe-Phe-Lys-Pro-Ala-Thr-Arg-Thr-Leu-Cys-Ser-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Leu-Leu- 输入质体 +H3N-Met-Val-Ala-Met-Ala-Met-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gln-Ser-Ser-Met-Ser-Ser-Leu-Ser-Leu-Ser-Ser-Asn-Ser-Phe-Leu- Gly-Gln-Pro-Leu-Ser-Pro-Ile-Thr-Leu-Ser-Pro-Phe-Leu- Gln-Gly- 输入过氧化物酶体 -Ser-Lys-Leu-COO- 输入内质网 +H3N-Met-Met-Ser-Phe-Val-Ser-Leu-Leu-Leu-Val-Gly-Ile-Leu-Phe-Trp-Ala-Thr-Glu-Ala-Glu-Gln-Leu-Thr-Lys-Cys- Glu-Val-Phe-Gln- 返回内质网 -Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu-COO-（KDEL） 由质膜到内体 Tyr-X-X-Φ 二、分选的基本途径与类型 post-translation translocation Co-translation translocation Transmembrane transport Vesicular transport Gated transport 分选方式 门控性转运 穿膜转运 膜泡转运 胞质蛋白质合成 Transmembrane transport 核孔运输 （gated transport） 膜泡运输 细胞