上腹部脏器解剖腹膜和胃new.pptxVIP

The peritoneum and the abdominal organs 1 腹膜及腹腔脏器（1）;Outline 讲授大纲;腹腔、腹膜和腹膜腔(Abdominal cavity, Peritoneum and Peritoneal cavity) 基本概念： 腹腔 腹膜（壁腹膜和脏腹膜） 腹膜腔;The introduction of the peritoneum;Subdivisions and peritoneal cavity Parietal peritoneum 壁腹膜 －lines the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities Visceral peritoneum 脏腹膜 －covers the organs Peritoneal cavity 腹膜腔－the potential space between the parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum. ;Function Secretes a lubricating serous fluid that continuously moistens the associated organs Support and protect viscus Semipermeable membrane (Peritoneal dialysis) Absorption;The relationship between viscera and peritoneum ;Intraperitoneal viscera 腹膜内位器官－viscera completely surrounded by peritoneum, example, stomach, superior part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colons, spleen and ovary Interperitoneal viscera 腹膜间位器官－most part of viscera surrounded by peritoneum, example, liver, gallbladder, ascending and descending colons, upper part of rectum, urinary bladder and uterus Retroperitoneal viscera 腹膜外位器官－some organs lie on the posterior abdominal wall and are covered by peritoneum on their anterior surfaces only, example, kidney, suprarenal gland, pancreas, descending and horizontal parts of duodenum, middle and lower parts of rectum, and ureter;Structures formed by peritoneum ;Lesser omentum 小网膜 two-layered fold of peritoneum which extends from porta hepatis to lesser curvature of stomach and superior part of duodenum.;Greater omentum 大网膜 －four-layered fold of peritoneum, the anterior two layers descend from the greater curvature of stomach and inferior part of duodenum and hangs down like an apron in front of coils of small intestine, and then turns upward and attaches to the transverse colon. ;;Mesenterium 系膜 －two-layered fold of peritoneum that attach the abdominal or pelvic organs to the posterior abdominal wall. ;Mesentery 肠系膜