CCD相机电子快门控制技术的研究.doc

PAGE PAGE 29 题 目 CCD相机电子快门控制技术的研究 Topic Electronic control technology to shutter of CCD camera 摘 　要 CCD(Charge Coupled Device)是电荷耦合器件的缩写，它是一种特殊的半导体器件，是一种新型的固体成像器件。它既具有光电转换的功能，又具有信号电荷的存储、转移和读出的功能。CCD应用技术是光、机、电和计算机相结合的高新技术。目前，CCD技术广泛应用于视频处理的前端，它通过光电转换将光信号转化为电信号，以便于后续电路的处理。 本文从CCD出发，系统地介绍了CCD的发展、结构、特点和分类，并以CV-A50/CV-A60相机为例，阐述CCD相机的控制时序，并介绍了调光的种类及各自的优缺点。本文以AT mega16单片机为例，详细地介绍了用AVR单片机控制调光的硬件和软件的实现，为调光系统的设计提供了一种新的思路。 关键词：CCD AVR单片机 调光 ABSTRACT CCD (Charge Coupled Device) is a kind of special semiconductor device, which is a new kind of solid imaging device. It not only has the fuction of conversion of light to electricity, but also has the fuction of storage, transfer and read-out of singals. Technique of CCD is high and new technique that contains light, machine, gives or gets an electric shock to combine together with the computer. Now CCD technology is widely applied in the front of video acquisiton, which changes optical signal into the electric signal through photo electricity, to satify the treatment of the follow-up circuit. Starting from CCD, this paper introduces the development, structure, characteristic, ategorised of CCD and by taking an example of CV-A50 /CV-A60 camera, it explains the control time sequence of the CCD camera, and introduces the kind of adjusting luminance and ones own pluses and minuses. Taking AT mega16 as an example, the paper shows the software and hardware architechture of adjustion system to give out a new method of sytem design of luminance adjust. Keyword: CCD, AVR one-chip computer, Adjustion of luminance 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z 第一章 绪 论 1 第二章 CCD介绍及调光原理 2 2.1 CCD介绍 2 2.2 调光原理 4 第三章 CV-A50/CV-A60相机及图像采集卡 7 3.1 CV-A50/CV-A60相机的工作方式 7 3.2 图像采集卡 10 第四章 AVR Mega16单片机介绍 12 4.1 AVR单片机介绍 12 4.2 AT Mega16单片机硬件简介 13 4.3 AVR Mega16单片机编程 18 第五章 单片机控制调光设计 22 5.1 总体设计 22 5.2 硬件设计 23 5.3 软件设计 24 5.4 实验结果 25 结 论 27 致 谢 28 参考文献 29 附 录 30 附录一 AT Mega16芯片引