第三章供应链管理的驱动要素和测度.pptVIP

第三章 供应链管理的驱动要素和测度;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;第一节.供应链性能的决定因素;Drivers of Supply Chain Performance;Drivers of Supply Chain Performance;;二.供应链决策框架 控制单独一个要素难以兼顾效率和响应能力，同时控制六大要素，用一个要素的优势来弥补其他要素的弱势，最后总体上使供应链效率和响应能力都提高。 就象踢足球，如果你各方面都强，你可以是C罗，如果你某方面不强，但靠其他几方面来弥补，你仍然可以是梅西。 我们在供应链管理中研究的所有决策问题其实就是针对这几个要素的决策问题。是供应链管理研究的具体化。;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;第二节.存货（Inventory）;二.存货决策的框架;Inventory exists because of a mismatch between supply and demand Mismatch is intentional（故意的） at a retailer store where inventory is held in anticipation of future demand The role that inventory play in the supply chain is To increase the amount of demand that can be satisfied by having the product ready and available when customer wants it. To reduce cost by exploiting economies of scale that may exist during production and distribution. Major source of cost and influence on responsiveness (例如：服装供应链) ;Inventory: Role in Competitive Strategy;;Components of Inventory Decisions;Inventory-related metrics Cash-to-cash cycle time（应收账款，应付账款） Average inventory Inventory turns（周转次数） Products with more than a specified number of days of inventory（滞销） Average replenishment batch size Average safety inventory Seasonal inventory Fill rate Fraction of time out of stock Obsolete inventory（沉没成本）;Little’s law——衡量存货流动速度的公式 (1)物流时间T(Material flow time) 从物料进入供应链时起，其存在于供应链内部的全部时间。 (2)传送率R(Throughput) 单位时间内的产品销量。 I=RT 存货量的大小等于物流时间和传送率的乘积。 ;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;第三节.运输 (Transportation);二.运输决策的框架;Transportation: Role in the Supply Chain;Transportation: Role in the Competitive Strategy;Components of Transportation Decisions;Components of Transportation Decisions;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;第四节.设施（facilities）;二.??施决策的框架;Facilities;Components of Facilities Decisions;Components of facilities decisions;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;第五节.信息（Information）;二.设施决策的框架;Information: Role in the Supply Chain;Information: Role in the Competitive Strategy;Components of Information Decisions;Components of Information Decisions;第三章.供应链管理的要素和障碍;Sourcing: Role in the Supply Ch