麦克斯韦方程中的光速.pdfVIP

麦克斯韦方程中的光速 摘要 在麦克斯韦方程中，介电率和磁导率被认为是介质的固有性质，是与 电荷的运动无关的常数；c 被理解为电磁波的速度即光速，由介电率 和磁导率的乘积完全确定，当然也应当是不变的常数。在不同季节的 地球上观测电磁作用，麦克斯韦方程都是成立的，这被认为是‘光速 不变的强有力论据 ’。我们重新考察麦克斯韦方程，其中的E 和B 是基本量，都与电荷相对于观测者 （场点）的速度有关， D 和H 是 辅助量，仅与自由电荷及自由电流有关； 根据介电率与磁导率的定 义，它们分别等于（D/E）和（B/H）；据此，我们发现：介电率和磁 导率都不是绝对常数，而是与电荷相对于观测者的速度和加速度有关; 因此，由介电率和磁导率决定的光速c 应当与电荷相对于观测者的速 度和加速度有关，并非绝对不变的常数。 关键词：麦克斯韦方程，介电率，磁导率，光速，相对速度，相对加 速度 PDFIcecream PDF Editor PRO The Speed of Light in Maxwell Equations Abstract In Maxwells equations, permittivity and permeability are considered as the intrinsic properties of the medium, and they are constants independent of the motion of the charge. The c is understood as the speed of the electromagnetic wave, that is, the speed of light, which is determined by the product of permittivity and permeability, and of course should be an invariant constant. Maxwells equations always hold for observing electromagnetic effects on the Earth in different seasons, and this fact is considered strong arguments for the constancy of the speed of light. We re-examine Maxwells equations, where E and B are fundamental quantities, which are related to the velocity and acceleration of the charge relative to the observer (the field point), and D and H are auxiliary quantities, which are related only to free charge and free current; According to the definitions of permittivity and permeability, they