高中英语定语从句学案合集 .docVIP

世纪星高级中学高一英语备课组 PAGE 2 定语从句教学案 （一） (关系代词的用法) 一. 定语从句概念 1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。 关系词有关系________ : 有______, _______ , ______, _______, _________, _______等； 关系________ : 有______, _______, ______等。 关系词常有3个作用： ① 引导定语从句。② 代替先行词。③ 在定语从句中充当一个成分。 注意：根据先行词与定语从句之间有无逗号隔开，定语从句分为限制性和非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开 意义 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明 删除后意思仍完整 译法 翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 限制性定语从句举例： (1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. (2) China is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定语从句举例： (1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. (2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 要注意区分以下几个句子的不同 (1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥） (2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥） 二.引导定语从句的关系代词 1. who指______，在从句中充当_________ (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3) In the meeting I saw Mr. Smith who I met in my birthday party. 2. whom指_______，在定语从句中充当_______，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which 指______，在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于______或者_______；指物时，相当于_______。在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做________ (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soo