初中形容词 知识点总结.docVIP

I.限定用法（定语） a.形容词(一个字)+名词 The old man lived in a small village. His elder brother is a famous musician. b.名词+形容词(~thing, ~body, ~one等,两个字或以上的形容词片语和子句) I want to drink something cold. Is there anything interesting in today’s paper? I don’t like riding on trains full of people. ride on train搭乘火车 He tried to climb a fence two meters high. He is a boy (who is) five years old. He is a five-year-old boy. 2. 叙述用法（表语） 主词补语 Sea water tastes salty. The rainbow is very beautiful. 受词补语 You’ll find the book difficult. I left the windows open. 使开着(adj.) I let the windows be opened. 使被打开(v.) 重点 只能用限定用法的形容词(定语形容词) only mere 只~ main wooden upper上面的 inner 里面的 Live/living daily lone 孤单的,古语 This is a wooden house. He is a mere child. 他不过是孩子 只能用叙述用法(表语形容词) alive alone afraid asleep awake well content glad aware I’m afraid of dog. The baby is still asleep. Are you aware of your mistakes? 限定用法和叙述用法意思不同的形容词 I met a certain lady. 某一个 It is quite certain. 确定 He is my present assistant. 目前 He is present today. 出席 absent缺席 The late Mr. Smith was an able man. 已故 He was late for the meeting. 迟到 She gave me a fond look. 温柔的 I am very fond of ice cream. 喜欢 3. 形容词的位置：1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置： 1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible 2 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible 3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long 5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序： 代词 数词 性状形容词 冠词前的形容词 冠词 指示代词 不定代词 代词所有格 序数词 基数词 性质 状态 大小 长短 形状 新旧 温度 颜色 国籍 产地 材料 质地 名词 all both such the a this another your second next one four beautiful good poor large short square new cool black yellow Chinese London silk stone 3) 复合形容词的构成： 1 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous 2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving 3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered 4 副词+现在分词 hard-working 9 数词+名词+ed three-eg