拜伦诗歌赏析.docVIP

拜伦爱情诗《She Walks in Beauty》研读与汉译（旧稿补充新发）George Gordon Byron(1788---1824)享年36岁的乔治·戈登·拜伦是英国浪漫主义的著名诗人，他的《哈罗尔德游记》Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage、《雅典的少女》Maid of Athens、特别是《唐璜》Don Juan享誉世界诗坛。下面是他的一首爱情诗《She Walks in Beauty》。据说拜伦在一次舞会上看见了威尔莫·霍顿夫人，夫人黑色的丧服上金光。这位孀居的美人引发了年轻诗人的诗兴，舞会后便写了这首名诗。She Walks in Beautyby George Gordon ByronShe walks in beauty, like the nightOf cloudless climes and starry skies;And all that’s best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes; Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.One shade the more, one ray the less,Had half impaired the nameless grace ravenWhich waves in every raven tress,Or softly lightens or her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet expressHow pure, how dear their dwelling place.And in that cheek, and or that brow,So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent,A maid at peace with all below,A heart whose love is innocent!【原文注释】clime：按《牛津高级学习现代英语词典》的英语解释：area or region with certain weather condition；按上海译文出版社《新英汉词典》,【诗】地方，风土；但此处我认为可以理解或翻译成“空间”，即“天空”。简单地说，climes与skies同义。walks in beauty就是表示“步态优美”或“舞姿翩翩”。被直译成“走在美的光影里”，“在美中穿行”，“身批美丽而行”，似乎都不妥。And all that’s best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes; （all是主语，不及物动词Meet是谓语，表示“相会”、“合在一起”、“融汇”；that’s best of dark and bright是定语从句，that’s即that is.Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.不及物动词mellowed (to)表示“变得柔和”；形容词gaudy表示“华丽而俗气的”、“华而不实的”、“故弄玄虚的”，是贬义。Deny这里也是不及物动词，因为用了介词to。请注意：仅mellowed是一般过去式，表示某一过去发生的行为。它前面跟它并列的动词Meet与后面定语从句的动词denies都是一般现在式表示“一般或经常的状态或事实”。One shade the more, one ray the less,Had half impaired the nameless grace raven本诗各句，谓语大都用一般现在式，表示一般状态；仅上文mellowed与本句Had half impaired，后者为虚拟式，表示一种违背事实的“假设”。Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o’er her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet expressHow pure, how dear their dwelling place. 形容词raven表示“乌黑的”；lighten是不及物动词；形容词serene表示“安详的”、“宁静的”、“晴朗的”等；their dwelling place被