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- 2020-04-20 发布于上海
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语法部分; 掌握陈述句(肯定式和否定式)、疑问句(一般、特殊、选择和反意疑问句)、祈使句和感叹句。;句 子成 分 ;句子种类;1、陈述句 陈述句是用来描述、说明事实或表述说话人的看法的句子。陈述句有肯定式和否定式两种。其结构形式为“主语+谓语+……”,否定形式是在助动词、系动词或情态动词后加not。;2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、
选择疑问句、反意疑问句。;反意疑问句:由陈述句+简短问句构成。
1、前肯后否,前否后肯的原则。即当陈述句为肯定句时,简短问句为否定形式。当陈述句为否定句时,简短问句为肯定形式。
2、句中含有no , never , hardly , few , little , nothing , nobody , seldom 等否定意义的词时,后面用肯定形式。
如:There is little water in the bottle , is
there?
He can hardly speak English , can he ?
3、简短问句部分的主语应用人称代词。;4.陈述句的主语为no one,none , nobody ,everyone , someone , somebody , everybody等时,其附加部分的主语要用they,但强调个体时,常用he。
如:Everyone has got a book , aren’t they ?
Someone is calling you , isnt he ?
5、陈述句的主语为everything , anything , something ,nothing等时,附加部分的主语为it 。
如:Everything is OK, isnt it ?
6、祈使句(无论否定还是肯定),反意疑问部分一律用“will you”,
如:Please let us open the door , will you ?
Don’t look out of the window , will you ?
注意: “let’s …”开头的句子,则用“shall we”
如:Let’s read the text together , shall we ?;7、主从复合句的反意问句以主句为主。
如:she thinks she can work it out ,
doesn’t she ?
He told you we would have an English
exam , didn’t he ?
注意:当主句是“I think / I suppose / I believe
/ I don’t think …” 时,要以从句为主。
如:I think he is wrong this time , isn’t he ?
I don’t believe he will come tomorrow ,
will he ?;8、反意疑问句的回答。
1.当陈述句部分是肯定时,yes表示是;no表示不。
如:--You are a Chinese , aren’t you ?
(你是一个中国人,是吗?
-- Yes, I am . / No, I am not .
(是的,我是。/ 不,我不是。)
2.当陈述句部分是否定时,yes表示不;no表示是。
如:-- You have never been to Beijing , have you ? (你从没去过北京,是吗?)
-- Yes, I have . I went there last summer. (不,我去过。我去年去的。);1。There is some milk in the bottle ,_____-___?
There is little orange , _____________?
Tom is good at English, ______________?
He has few friends here , __________________?
They finished the work , __________-____?
Lilei can hardly speak Japanese ,___________?
Your parents can swim ,______________?
He could see nobody in the room ,______
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