词汇学词的意义及理据.pptVIP

Sound made by metal： clash, clank, ting, tinkle, clang, jangle, ding-dong, tick-tack Sound by liquid： splash, bubble, sizz, sizzle, splish-splosh, drip-drop Secondary Onomatopoeia It means that certain sounds and sound sequences are associated with certain senses in an expressive relationship. Sn- breath-noise: sniff, snuff, snore, snort 2)quick separation or movement: snip, snap, snatch 3)creeping: snake, snail, sneak, snoop Sl- slippery: slide, slip, slither, slush, sluice, sludge 2) pejorative sense: slattern, slut, slang, sly, sloppy, slovenly Sk-: 与表面接触： skate, skim, skin, skid, skimp -ump: 表示圆形体： plump, chump, rump, hump, stump, dump, mump /h/表示猛烈使劲时的气喘声： heavy, haste, hurry, hit, heave, hoarse, hurl等 Wh-表示“剧烈”的拟声词： wham, whang, whap, whop, wheeze, whicker, whinny, whomp, whoop Words which were formed by means of morphological structure belong to the category of motivation by morphology. Compounds and derived words are multi-morphemic words and the meanings of many of them are the sum total of the morphemes combined. 2. Morphological motivation形态理据 * * * Week 7 Sandy Outline Word Meaning词义 Motivations of meaning 词的理据 词的意义究竟指什么？ 这个词为什么是这个意思？ 关于词义的一些基本理论和基本概念 words defined as things words defined as reference 1 words defined as things Word meaning can be defined as a reciprocal relation between name and meaning. ‘Meaning’ is what the form stands for. 意义指的是它代表的内容。 e.g.desk: something you sit at and you do your work. 所指关系 relationship between language and the world; between words and the things, actions, events, and qualities they stand for. By means of reference, a speaker indicates which things in the world (including persons) are being talked about. For example, the word ‘tree’ refers to the object ‘tree’. 2 words defined as reference In other words, only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign（语言符号） and a referent（所指物）, i.e., an object, a phenomenon, a person, etc. does the sign become meaningful. The reference of a wor