数字电子技术英文版.pptVIP

2s Complement System ? [Example 2-17] Determine the decimal value of the signed binary numbers expressed in 2s complement: (a) (b) 86 2 2 2 2 1s, are there where positions bit magnitude the all in weights the Summing (b) 86 2 2 2 2 1s, are there where positions bit magnitude the all in weights the Summing (a) . 1 3 5 7 1 2 4 6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Solution 2s Complement Advantage ? To convert to decimal – The 2s complement system simply requires a summation of weights regardless of whether the number is positive or negative. – The sign-magnitude system requires two steps – sum the weights of the magnitude bits and examine the sign bit to determine if the number is positive or negative. – The 1s complement system requires adding 1 to the summation of weights for negative numbers but not for positive numbers. ? Also, the 1s complement system is not used because two representations of zero or are possible. The Development ? The 2s complement of an n -bit number x is defined by ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 , 2 0 , ] [ 2 x x x x x n c ? For example, if n=8, then][][][][ 2 2 2 2 ? ? ? ? c c c c ? The Development ? and ?11111101 1 )11111111 ( 1)1 (100000000 ][11111110 1 )11111111 ( 1)1 (100000000 ][ 2 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? c c 1‘s complement Range of Signed Integer Numbers ? The number of different combinations of n bits is ? For 2s complement signed numbers, the range of value for n-bit numbers is n ns combinatio Total 2 ? ) 1 2 ( 2 1 1 ? ? ? ? n n to By the Way ? The 8-bit grouping has been given the special name byte . Bit Grouping Name 4-bit Nibble 8-bit Byte 16-bit Word 32-bit Double word Floating-Point Numbers （浮点数） ? Not required! 2-7 ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS WI