（推荐精选）疼痛的评估与康复治疗.pptVIP

FD=focal diameter，焦点直径 * In this frozen gelatin section of an L4/5 disc, the desired pathway for the Spinecath as per the Oratec training manual, has been overlaid (red) It typically curls around between the annulus and nucleus, to lie in the lateral and posterior portions of the disc. The blue arrow indicates a small circumferential fissure. * This anteroposterior view of the lumbosacral disc demonstrates the Spinecath in situ for intradiscal heating. The catheter has been placed anterolaterally in the disc so that it passes around to heat the posterolateral and medial portions of the ann