功能对等理论相关文献.docxVIP

Literature review ----The history and development of functional equivalence Those who insist functional equivalence define that translation is a unique way of human beings activity with specific intentions, which is language service item for customers 、readers 、 function and aims of the text in society circumstance. Baker tell us that the process of translation should not been limited by original text and its influence to the translated or even the certain function which author use in the text. Meanwhile, he got the result that translation is certainly depend on the needs that readers and users aims to translate text eventually. Eugene A. Nada, a famous America translator, got the functional Equivalence in his book of Language and Culture: Translation Context in 2001. First of all, a minimal, realistic definition of functional equivalence: The readers of a translated text should be able to comprehend it to the point that they can conceive of how the original readers of the text must have understood and appreciated it. Secondly, idealistic of functional equivalence: The readers of a translated text should be able to understand and appreciate it in essentially the same manner as the original readers did. Nada start his research of translation theory, which has significantly influenced on people in the field of translation. Because he gave his ideas that combine this two concepts of function and meanings will be better for a word to have the true meaning in specific language context. The theory of functional equivalence was widely used in translation research and practice; however, it was just used in the field of literature translation. In 70 to 80s of last century, there came to German functional equivalence scholars, which is a sign of transforming from functions alone to combine with communication for researching. (Chen Juan, foreign studies of Shanghai university, 2008) The functional Equivalence emphases that translation is a process of which