(完整版)介词加关系代词定语从句.docxVIP

PAGE1 / NUMPAGES1 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点,近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。 在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whom。如先行词是物，引导词用which；如先行词是人，则引导词用whom。如： This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai. This is the student for whom I bought the book. 考点1简单介词+关系代词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。 （1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词或介词搭配，构成动词短语。例如：Is this the carfor whichyou paid a high price? (pay for) In the dark street, there wasn’t a single personto whomshe could turn for help. (turn to sb forhelp) The manwith whomyou shook hands just now is our English teacher. (shake hands with sb)（2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。例如：The two thingsabout whichKarl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.(be sure about) The teacherof whomthe students in our class are fond is Mr Wang, our English teacher. (be fondof) （3）根据定语从句所修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when, where, why替换。例如： I”ll never forget the dayon which(=when) I joined the army. The factoryin which(=where) his father works is far away from my hometown. I don”t know the reason for which (=why) he was late. （4）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。例如：This is the pilotfor whomI bought a camera. This is the pilotwith whommy brother has worked for ten years. This is the pilotby whommy son was saved. 1.(2004全国卷)Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_______thesailing time was 226 days. A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which 解析：关系代词which指代the journey,定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of thejourney was 226 days.故答案选A。 2. (2004全国卷) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Years party was a greatsuccess. A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which 解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Years party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play.故答案选C。 3. (2004