考研英语【定语从句】典型例句剖.pdfVIP

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考研英语【定语从句】典型例句剖析 1. Active learning, in which students write essays or perform experiments and then have their work evaluated by an instructor, is far more beneficial for those who have not yet fully learned how to learn. 【参考译文】 积极的学习,即学生们写文章或做实验,然后让一 位 师评估他们的作业,对那些还没有完全学会如何学习的学生来说 要更为有益得多。 【结构分析】 该句可分 为两大部分:Active learning, (in which students write essays or perform experiments and then have their work evaluated by an instructor,)is far more beneficial for those who have not yet fully learned how to learn.括号外的内容是主句,括号里的内容是 介词+which 模式的定语从句;主句的主语是 Active learning ,谓语是 is,表语是 beneficial ,far more 是状语,其中 far 是程度副词,相当于 much ,for those 是状语,其后 who 引导的定语从句中,主语是 who ,谓 体是 have not yet fully learned ,宾语结构是 how to learn 。括号内的定 语从句修饰前面的 Active learning ,由三部分构成,即or„and 连接的三 个并列句,第一个并列句的主语是 students,谓语是 write ,宾语是 essays,第二个并列句的谓语是 perform ,宾语是 experiments,第三个 并列句的谓语是 have ...evaluated,宾语是 work ,by an instructor 是 状语结构。 【知识链接】 active 积极的;essay 文章;perform an experiment 做实 验;evaluate 评估 instructor 指导者, 师;be beneficial for ...对„„有益。 2. The American version of the ideal individual prefers an atmosphere of freedom, where neither the government nor any other external force or agency dictates what the individual does. 【参考译文】 美国版的“理想个人”更喜欢一种自由的氛围,在这种 氛围中政府或者任何别的外部力量都不会 行规定个人该做什么。 【结构分析】 该句可分为两大部分:(The American version of the ideal individual prefers an atmosphere of freedom,)(where neither the government nor any other external force or agency dictates what the individual does.),第一部分是主句,第二部分是以 where 引导的非限 定定语从句,修饰前面的 atmosphere ;主句的主语是 The American version ,谓语是 prefers ,宾语是 an atmosphere,of the“ideal individual” 作 version 的后定语,of freedom 作 atmosphere 的后定语 ;第二部分的 主语是由 neither ...nor„or ...连接的并列名词短语,谓语是 dictates,宾 语是 what 引导的从句。 【知识链接】 version 版本;i

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