中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句).pdfVIP

【中考英语专项复习——宾语从句】 （一）宾语从句的种类 宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语， 或介词的宾语， 或形容词的宾语。 根据引导 宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。 that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非 正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn ’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。 这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例 如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don ’t know why the train is late. 3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。 if 和 whether 在句中的意思是 “是否 ”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. （二）宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为 陈述句的语序 。例如： I hear (that) physics isn ’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we ’ll have the meeting. （三）宾语从句的时态 1. 如果 主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 I don ’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果 主句 的时态是一般过去时， 宾语从 句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去 时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. 1 He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是 客观真理 ，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 注意 ： 运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求 demand 、 desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾 语从句，用虚拟语气：（ should）+v ．（原形） Eg： I suggested that you（should）study hard