同步译林英语必修四新突破课件Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar被动语态.ppt

栏目导航 3 ． 被动语态和系表结构的区别 “动词 be ＋过去分词”可能是被动语态，也可能是系表结构， 其区别是： 被动语态表示动作， 句子主语是动作的承受者； 系表结构 说明主语所处的状态，过去分词相当于形容词。 The cup was broken by my brother.( 被动语态 ) 这个茶杯是被我弟弟打碎的。 The cup is broken .( 系表结构 ) 这个茶杯破了。 Unit 3 Tomorrow s world Section Ⅲ Grammar —— 被动语态 栏目导航 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 ① Both the headsets and the gloves are connected to a computer network in the VR studio. ② In one case ， a teenager who was afraid of talking and playing with his schoolmates was treated with VR. 1. 在被动语态的句子 中 主 语 是 动 作 的 ________ 。 承受者 栏目导航 ③ To achieve this ， special VR headsets are designed to allow the users to see in 3- D and hear the sound all around them. ④ Engineers can enter the design of a neighbourhood into a computer ， and then use VR to “ walk ” around the neighbourhood ， see how it looks and make changes before construction is carried out . 2. 在 被 动语 态 的 句 子 中谓语的基本构成形 式为： be ＋及物动词的 __________ 。 过去分词 栏目导航 ⑤ Besides this ， VR can be used to practise skills in a secure environment that otherwise would be quite dangerous. ⑥ However ， with VR we are able to do things that could never be achieved in real life. 3. 在被动语态的句子中 谓语可以有各种 _____ 或含有 _______ 动词。 时态 情态 栏目导航 语 法 精 要 点 拨 栏目导航 一、基本概念 英语中动词有主动语态 (Active V oice) 和被动语态 (Passive V oice) 之分。 如果主语是动作或状态的发出者， 动词就用主动语态； 如果主 语是动作或状态的承受者，动词就用被动语态。 Our English teacher encouraged Mary. 我们英语老师鼓励了玛丽。 栏目导航 Mary was encouraged by our English teacher. 玛丽受到了我们英语老师的鼓励。 上面第一句中的动词 encouraged 是主动语态；第二句中的动词 was encouraged 是被动语态。 栏目导航 二、被动语态的基本构成形式 被动语态的基本结构是：“ be/get ＋及物动词的过去分词”。 被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，以动词 take 为例，其常 见时态的被动形式如下表： 栏目导航 一般现在时 am/is/ are taken 一般过去时 was/ were taken 现在进行时 am/is/are being taken 过去进行时 was/were being taken 现在完成时 have/has been taken 过去完成时 had been taken 一般将来时 will/shall be taken 过去将来时