非谓语动词用法总结归纳.pptVIP

课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 课件 非谓语动词 优选 * 非谓语动词：不能单独作谓语，但是可以帮助构成谓语。 非谓语动词包括：doing ,done ,to do 分词： Doing 主动，进行 Being done 被动，进行 Having done 主动完成， （不作定语） Having been done 被动，完成，（不作定语） Done 被动，完成 1) 分词作定语（doing，being done ,done ） 如果被修饰词和分词中的动词之间的关系是主动关系，就用doing 作定语，如果被修饰词和分词中的动词之间的关系是被动关系，就用done 作定语。 The book written by Lu Xun is very impressive. (write) The meeting being held now is about environmental protection. (hold) The meeting held yesterday was about environmental protection. (hold) The children playing by the riverside are my sisters and brothers. (play) 2) 分词作状语 分词作状语，句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语（意思上的主语），分析句子的主语和分词中的动词之间的主被动关系，如果是主动关系，要用现在分词作状语，如果是被动关系要用过去分词作定语 优选 * Seen from the top of the hill, the village looks even smaller. Seeing the village from the top of the hill, we find it even smaller. A. Seeing B. Seen Having done 和having been done 表示它们自身的动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前。 Having struggled to look for a job for half a year, he finally took a position in a restaurant. 优选 * Doing 动名词一般作主语，宾语，表语，定语 1）作主语 Listening to teachers in class is very important. 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2）动名词作宾语（放在介词或者是及物动词后面） 只能加doing做宾语的及物动词和动词短语 Enjoy ,finish, miss(错过)，excuse(原谅)，admit(承认)，avoid(避免)，imagine(想象），appreciate (感激，欣赏)，escape(逃避)，postpone 推迟，dislike （不喜欢）， Give up , put off, put up with(容忍，忍受) ，get down to (开始认真做某事)，set about (着手)，make contributions to ,contribute to, look forward to, devote …to .., object to(反对)， be opposed to, pay attention to 优选 * 3) 动名词作表语 My job is taking care of children. Seeing is believing. 4) 动名词作定语（表示物的用途） A swimming pool 游泳池 A walking stick 拐杖 A swimming cap A sleeping car 卧铺车厢（用于睡觉的车厢）(动名词作定语) a sleeping boy （现在分词作定语） 优选 * ____C____down. A. To come in and sit B. Coming in and sit C. Come and sit 祈使句就是动词原形开头的句子。 祈使句+and/or +简单句 Work hard and you will be admitted to your ideal university. If you work hard, you will be admitted to you ideal university. Hurry up or you will be late. If you don’t hurry up ,you will be late. 优选 * 动词不定式 To do 主动