美国文学HermanMelville介绍.pdfVIP

Herman Melville 麦尔维尔 (1819—1891) Herman Melville 1. Three important things in his life: * Going out to sea His experiences and adventures on the sea furnished him with abundant material for his fiction writings, especially his masterpiece Moby Dick 2) His marriage In the history of American literature there were two authors had similar marriages. Melville and Scott Fitzgerald, both married above them and had to do hackwork （纯粹为糊口而写的东西，庸俗作品）for the money they needed to keep their wives in their extravagant style. 3)His friendship with Hawthorne During the summer of 1890 Melville and Hawthorne met and became good friends. They shared similar ideas and opinions on most kinds of fields. Especially against the background of Transcendental optimism, Melville agrees with Hawthorne’s Blackness the evil at the core of life. “Evil in life and the human soul help make life and man better” “To scale great heights, we must come out of the lowest depths. The way to heaven is through hell. We need fiery baptism in the fierce flame of our bosoms.” 凤凰涅槃 浴火重生 • The original design of Moby Dick was just a text on the whale fishery. When Melville met Hawthorne, he had completed one third of Moby Dick. Without Hawthorne, Melville would have just written it about whaling hunting. With the influence of Hawthorne, Melville rewrote it into a world classic with a mixture of: 游记、航海故事、寓言、捕鲸传说、有关鲸鱼与捕鲸业的百科全书、 美国史诗、莎士比亚式的悲剧、抒情散文长诗、塞万提斯式的浪漫体小 说 In Token of my admiration for his genius, this book is inscribed to NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE. 2. Melville’s Major Works 1) Novels (1)Polynsie Trilogy “波里尼西亚三部曲” from his adventures among the people of the South Pacific islands Typ ee 1846«泰皮» Omoo 1847«欧穆» Mardi 1849«玛地» (2) Redburn 1849 «雷得本» an account of his voyage to England (3) White Jacket 1850 « 白外衣»his life on a Unit