英国文学选读上名词解释(中英文版).pdfVIP

精品文档 Byronic hero A proud, mysterious, rebellious, gloomy figure of noble origin, with fiery passions and unbending will, expresses Byron ’s ownideal of freedom. He rises against tyranny and injustice, but he ’s merely a lone fighter striving for personal freedom. Sonnet A sonnet is a 14-line lyric poem with a single theme. Sonnets vary but are usually written in iambic pentameter, following one of two traditional patterns: the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet and the Shakespearean or English sonnet. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea. Ode A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion,to honor a person o a season or to commemoratean event. Lake Poets The Lake Poets all lived in the Lake District of England at the turn of the nineteenth century. As a group, they followed no single school of thought or literary practice then known, although their works were uniformly disparaged by the Edinburgh Review. They are considered part of the Romantic Movement Metaphysical poets is a term coined by the poet and critic Samuel Johnson to describe a loose group of British lyric poets of the 17th century, whose work was characterized by the inventive use of conceits , and by speculation about topics such as love or religion. John Donne is the most important representative. 拜伦式英雄 是指拜伦诗中的贵族出身的骄傲，神秘，反叛的角色。 因为有着无穷的激情和力量，拜伦式英雄总是担负起消灭一个腐败社会里所有错误的重担，而且总是以不 可征服的意志和无穷无尽的精力，单枪匹马地挑战任何暴政，不管是社会传统规则，是政府或者是宗教。 拜伦式英雄通常被社会孤立，像是一个放逐者，而且情绪化，对某一件事很有激情。 拜伦的主要贡献之一就是创造了拜伦诗英雄。 Heathcliff in Wuthering House，Rochester in Jane Eyre, 玄学派诗歌 一般用来称呼那些在 John Donne 影响下写作的作家的作品。 玄学派诗人一种背叛精神去试着打破传统的伊丽莎白爱情诗的束缚。 玄学诗歌多使用巧智 （wit and conceit ），结构精巧 （ingenious structure ），韵律多变 （i