初中英语动词不定式教学文案.ppt

动词不定式用法归纳 动词形式基本分类（除去时态） 动词原形： do 如： swim 动词不定式： to do 如： to swim 动词 ing 形式： doing 如： swimming 不定式的结构： to + do ( 动词原形 ) He plans go to Jinan for a holiday. to 注： to 只是一个符号，起结构作用，无任何实际意义 He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door. 不定式的句式： He told me to close the door. He asked me to close the door. not+to+do 肯定式： to do tell sb. to do sth. ask sb . to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth. 否定式 ： 不定式的特点： She want ed to be a teacher. We decide to give some money to the poor. 1) 动词不定式在句子中不能做谓语 2) 没有人称、数、时态的变化。 不定式的句法功能： 动词不定式短语具有 名词、 形容词和 副词 等的功能 , 可在句中 用做多种句子成分。 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 句子的基本结构 : To learn English is easy. To get up early is important . 返回 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语。 主语 : 主语过长，头重脚轻 主语过长，头重脚轻。用 it 代替其做形式主语 。 常见句型： Its + adj+ to do sth. 学英语很容易。 早起是重要的。 对我们来说学英语很容易。 对他来说早起是重要的。 以前还学过类似的句子： Its very kind of you to help me. Its nice of him to take care of his young brother. It s easy to learn English . Its important to get up early. Its easy ______ to learn English. Its important _________ to get up early. 句型 ： Its + adj+ of sb. to do sth . 如果说对某人来说做什么事是怎样的怎么办？也就是需要体现 这些行为的逻辑主语，那怎么办？ for us for him 句型： Its + adj+ for sb . to do sth. 形式主语 真正主语 区别： Its + adj+ for sb . to do sth. Its + adj+ of sb. to do sth . 注 : for 形容词修饰的是动作； of 形容的是人： Its foolish _____ you to ask such silly questions. Its important _____ me to learn maths well. Its polite _____ you to knock on the door before you come in. for of of 宾 语 I would like to see your photos. Kevin planned to visit his uncle. 特殊 ( 一）： 类似词 : want, agree, hope, decide, agree, start, begin, love, like, hate, prefer 等。 注意： 斜体既可以 to do 也可以 doing , 但区别不大 like doing 指经常性动作， like to do 指一次性的动作 I like swimming ， but I dont like to swim now ． 我喜欢游泳 , 但我现在不想游。 宾 语 特殊（二）： stop, forget, remember, 等词或短语后面可以接 to do 与 doing, 但意思 大不相同。 stop to do sth. : 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing ：停止正在做的事情 forget to do: 忘了去做某事 forget doing