人教版必修三第二单元语法：情态动词+have done和情态动词特殊用法.docVIP

Book 3 Unit 2 Healthy eating （一）情态动词+have done用法： must have done “过去一定发生了/做了某事”，表示对过去事情肯定推测，只用于肯定句中。 It must have rained last night,for the road is quite muddy. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为路很泥泞。 can/can’t have done “过去可能发生了(做了)某事/过去不可能发生了（做了）某事”，表示对过去疑问和否定的推测，用于疑问句和否定句中。 There is nowhere to find Tom. Where can he have gone? He can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now. 到处都找不到汤姆，他可能去哪里呢？他不可能去北京，我刚刚还见他来。 couldn’t have done “过去不可能做过某事” 1）表示对过去事情的否定推测 We couldn’t have heard them because of the noise from the river. 由于河水的声音我们当时不可能听到他们的谈话。 用于虚拟语气 If it hadn’t been for your help, I couldn’t have succeeded. 要是没有你的帮助，我也不可能成功。 could have done “过去本来能做某事而实际上没做”（表虚拟） Tom could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 汤姆本来能通过考试，但他太粗心了。 may/might have done “过去可能/也许做了某事”表示对过去发生过的事情的推测，用might 可能性更小。 It is too late. I think Tom may /might have gone to bed. 太晚了，我想汤姆或许已经睡了。 may not /might not have done “过去可能/也许没做过某事”表示对过去发生过的事情推测，用might 可能性更小。 Tom may not have finished his homework. 汤姆可能没完成他的作业。 They might not have regarded me as their friends. 他们可能没把我当朋友看待。 should/ought to have done “过去本应该做某事而实际上没做” You are too lazy. You should/ought to have finished the work yesterday. 你太懒了，你昨天本应该完成那项工作。 shouldn’t /oughtn’t have done “过去本不应该做某事而实际上却做了” You shouldn’t/oughtn’t have told her the truth. 你本不该告诉她真相。 needn’t have done “过去本来不必做某事但却做了” You needn’t have taken a taxi here. 你本来不必打车来这里。 情态动词的特殊用法 1. can’t but do sth 表示“不得不/只好做某事” I can’t but tell you the truth. 我不得不告诉你真相。 注意：表示“不得不/只好做某事”的句式： can’t help but do can’t choose but do can do nothing but do can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 Hearing the sad story, he can’t help crying. 听完那个悲伤的故事, 他禁不住哭了起来。 may as well do sth 最好/倒不如做某事 You may as well finish your work now. 你最好现在就完成你的工作。 may well do sth 相当于be likely to do sth “很可能做某事” Tickets are likely to be expensive. 入场券可能很贵。 can not /can never +be +adj enough, can not /can never +be +too adj “再...也不过分”或“越..越好” You can never be too careful while crossing the road. You can never be careful enough w