一类拟线性双曲方程组初值问题解的估计及一维带摩擦管道内的亚音速欧拉流.pdfVIP

摘 要 本文主要研究拟线性双曲方程组的初值问题及初边值问题. 一般地, 对于非线性双曲方程组, 不管初始值多么光滑, 其柯西问题的经典解 只会局部存在且在有限时间内爆破. 在一定条件下拟线性双曲方程组有整体的经 典解, 且解具有衰减. 我们探究一类拟线性双曲方程组的柯西问题的 解具有 衰减估计的条件, 通过特征线的方法和不变区域方法证明了当拟线性双曲方程组 的零阶项系数矩阵满足严格行对角占优时, 方程组解的 模关于时间指数衰减. 然后研究了一维带摩擦管道内定常亚音速欧拉流的稳定性问题, 研究该问题实际 上就是研究拟线性双曲方程组的初边值问题. 通过特征线方法和数学归纳法证明 了当摩擦系数充分小时, 方程组在给定耗散边界条件下有稳定的 解. 关键词: 拟线性双曲方程组, 初边值问题, 特征线方法, 不变区域, 衰减估计. i ABSTRACT Thispapermainlystudiestheinitialvalueproblemandinitialboundaryvalueprob- lemofquasilinearhyperbolicsystems. In general, for nonlinear hyperbolic systems, no matter how smooth the initial value is, the classical solution to the Cauchy problem only exists locally and explodes in finite time. There are classical solutions for quasilinear hyperbolic systems under certain conditions, and the solution of the systems decays exponentially with respect to time. We prove by the method of characteristics that when the coefficient matrix of thezero-ordertermofthequasilinearhyperbolicequationsarestrictlyrow(orcolumn)- diagonallydominantmatrix,the normofthesolutionoftheequationsdecaysexpo- nentially with respect to time. Finally, we study the stability of steady subsonic Euler flow in a one-dimensional pipeline with friction. The above problem is actually the initial boundary value problem of quasilinear hyperbolic systems. We use the charac- teristicsmethodandthemathematicalinductiontoprovethestabilityofglobalsolution ofthesystemsundergivendissipativeboundaryconditions. Keywords: Quasilinearhyperbolicsystems,initialboundaryvalueproblem,charac- teristicsmethod,decayestimate,invariantregionmethod iii 目录 摘 要 i Abstract