基础设施对加纳国际贸易的影响.pdf

摘 要 世界贸易自由化导致关税大幅削减以来，基础设施在促进国际贸易中的关键作 用愈发明显。相关的各种研究表明，运输基础设施（即公路网、航空运输、铁 路、港口和物流）的改善促进了贸易的增长，本文利用各种经济增长指标量化 了基础设施对出口贸易量的影响。 不可否认的是，基础设施在促进国际贸易方面发挥着关键作用。发展中国家和 发达国家均利用基础设施推动贸易的发展，这意味着优质的基础设施会对全球 贸易产生积极影响。然而，对于大多数发展中国家，基础设施差或建设不足使 得他们很难像中国和其他新兴经济体那样大量出口农产品。此外，基础设施改 善尤其是非洲港口基础设施的相关文献有限，进一步加剧了大多数发展中国家 的基础设施问题。因此，为了实现经济增长和发展，这些发展中国家需要进行 双边或多边贸易。本文将研究这些国家在贸易流动方面的不足或局限性，并提 出可能采取的补救措施，以促进贸易发展。 关键词：国内生产总值，人均国内生产总值，基础设施，关税出口，贸易和距 离 vii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ·····································································v ABSTRACT ······················································································vi 摘 要 ·····························································································vii CONTENTS ·····················································································viii ABBREVIATIONS / ACRONYMS ··························································xi LIST OF FIGURES ·············································································xii LIST OF TABLES ··············································································xiii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ··························································1 1.1 Background of the Study ····································································1 1.2 Significance of the Study····································································6 1.4 Research content and logic framework····················································7 1.5 Research Methods ············································································7 1.6 Contribution of the study ····································································7 1.7 Limitations of the study ·····································································8 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ·····························