2、英语语法宾壮定三大从句.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 10 一、宾语从句 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引， 一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的 宾语。 eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句 对宾语从句应注意以下三要素：1. 引导词 2. 语序? 3. 时态1. 引导词1)that引导陈述意义的宾从(that可省)eg. He says (that) the boy is a lilltle weak in Chinese.2)疑问词引导特殊疑问句意义的宾从eg.①.Do you know who will give us a talk??? ②.I don’t know whose book that is.?? ③.Could you please tell which gate we have to go to??? ④.I wonder when he will come back.注意：此类宾从的主语与主句的主语（或宾语）相同时，可替换为“疑问词 + to do”eg. ①.I haven’t decided where I will go??? =I haven’t decided where to go?? ②.He asked me what I bought?? = He asked me what to buy.类似短语：how to do _____what to say_____what to do _____where to go____3)if/whether(是否)引导一般疑问句意义的宾从eg. ①.“Do you like this book?” she asked me.?? =She asked me ___ I liked this book.?? ②.“Have you visited the Great Wall?” Could you tell me??? =Could you tell me _____ you have visited the Great Wall?注意以下几点：ⅰ.区别if当作“是否”，还是“如果”eg. I don’t know if he ______ (come)if it ______(rain) tomorrow.ⅱ.用whether不用if的几种情况? 1)后接不定式eg. I can’t decide whether to go to Beijing.? 2)与or / or not连用eg. I want to know whether you will go to the park or not.? 3)在句首时eg. Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.?? 4)whether还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“不管，无论”eg. Whether it rains or not, we are going to the park tomorrow.2.语序：宾从用陈述句语序eg. 1)I don’t (A) know whether (B) will he (C) come (D) tomorrow.??????? _____________?? 2)He asks (A) me when (B) will you (C) come back (D).??????????? _____________?? 3)Could you tell (A) how many players (B) are there (C) in (D) a football team? ________3.时态主句?宾语从句一般现在时?一切时态一般过去时?过去范畴的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；过去完成时；过去将来时）?