英汉语言差异和翻译策略.pptVIP

英汉语言差异与翻译策略 。。°英语重形合,汉语重意 www.themegallery It was so cold that the lake was frozen up ◆天气冷,湖面都结冰了。 . It was quite late when the sales representative got back, nearly eleven oclock in the evening. ◆销售人员回来时已经很晩,将近晚上十一点了。 。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery Why waste breath on them, who have turned such an unwilling ear? (既然)他们不愿意听,何必对其白费口舌呀? ◆ turn an unwilling ear转不愿耳 。。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery Hypotaxis(形合) refers to the linking of linguistic elements of words, phrases, clauses, sentences achieved by cohesive ties. It usually uses syntactic devices or lexical devices for overt textual cohesion 。。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery Cohesion may be considered as an overt relationship between parts of a text expressed by language specific markers ☆ reference指代:人称代词i,he,she,them, they, everybody;指示代词this;that; these; those;时间、地点指示词 there;now;then 今 substitution替代:one;does 令 ellipsis省略 令 conjunction连词 lexical cohesion词汇衔接 。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery Hypotaxis(形合): The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives 小句之间的依赖或主从关系靠连接词来维系。 今一句话当中可能有若干小句,小句之间的关系可 隐可显,如果关系是隐性的,便好似那无缝的天 衣,我们称之为“意合”;如果关系是显性的, 便会在形式上清晰地严格地表现出来,我们称之 为“形合” Company Logo 。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery 形合( Hypotaxis)的英语通常被认为是主语显著 的语言( subject-prominent),主题往往并非就是 句子的主语,从而要求句中有明显的主语;而意 合( Parataxis)的汉语则被认为是主题显著的语言 ( topic-prominent),其主题往往就是句子的主语 因此不要求必须有主语。 。英语重形合,汉语重意合 www.themegallery Parataxis(意合) is the arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them. The linking for linguistic elements is achieved by meaning and logic for covert coherence. Coherence, on the other hand, might be viewed as a covert potential meaning relationship among parts of the text, made overt by the reader or listener throug processes of interpretation 。英语重形合,汉语重意合 Chinese is characterized by parataxis, which means the relation between sentence parts is loose and unclear English is characterized by hypotaxis, which means that English speakers give