《基础医学各论2》资料：10泌尿系统生理学.pptVIP

Renin-Angiotensin System Ang I Renin Ang II Ace, enzyme in lungs Vasoconstriction Aldostrone Sodium concentration in plasma Blood pressure Inhibit Angiotensinogen the granular cells in Af convert convert Regulation of Aldosterone Secretion醛固酮分泌的调节 1. Renin-Angiotensin System 肾素-血管紧张素系统 Regulation of Aldosterone Secretion 2. Plasma concentrations of sodium and potassium [K+] ? ? Aldosterone Secretion ?? [Na+] ? ? Aldosterone Secretion ? 3. Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) Necessary for Aldosterone Secretion, but little effect in controlling the rate of secretion Humoral Control of Renal Functions Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) 心房钠尿肽 Synthesis in the cardiac atrial muscle cell Leading to increased excretion of salt water Its mechanism: Regulation of ANP Release心房钠尿肽释放的调节 Stretch of the atrium Extracellular fluid volume and Blood volume Plasma sodium concentration 8-17 醛固酮作用机制的示意图 A： 醛固酮；R：受体 8-18 膀胱和尿道的神经支配 8-19 人膀胱充盈过程中膀胱容量与压力的关系 图中压力垂直下降表示容量恒定时膀胱的适应过程 Micturition 排尿 Innervation of the bladder and urethra 膀胱和尿道的神经支配 1) Parasympathetic pelvic nerves 副交感盆神经 To cause contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder and opening of the internal sphincter 2) Sympathetic hypogastric nerves 交感腹下神经 To induce closure of the urethra 3) Somatic pudendal nerves 躯体阴部神经 To induce contraction of the striate musculature of the external sphincter Micturition Reflex 排尿反射 Micturition occurs when the intravesicular pressure reaches 70 cmH2O via a reflex action 50 0 Pdet, cm H2O 0 volume 300 ml Higher Control of Micturition排尿的高级调控 Inhibitory and facilitatory centers in the cerebral cortex and pons Pathways of Micturition Reflex排尿反射的路径 Enuresis 遗尿 General Question What are the change of urine and its mechanism when one sweats a great deal and drinks little water? Renal Micropuncture: TGF-characteristics were determined b