小升初英语名词代词讲解及题目.docVIP

名词的数、冠词 一.名词:名词单复数 (一名词单复数 1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 注:以-th结尾的名词加-s,如month---months truth---truths 3.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 注:部分直接加-s,如belief----beliefs 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ,story----stories city---cities 5. 以元音字母+y结尾的名词,加-s 如:toy---toys boy---boys day----days 6.以字母-o结尾的名词 1辅音字母+-o结尾一般加-es,如:hero---heroes potato---potatoes tomato----tomatoes。 巧学妙记:英雄(hero爱吃西红柿(tomato和土豆(potato 2部分辅音字母加-o的名词,加-s: piano---pianos photo---photos kilo---kilos 3以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio---radios zoo---zoos 7.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewo men, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-peo ple, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词的复数是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea 二、冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类: (1不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle (元音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour/an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson (2定冠词:the,如the egg the plane 2. 用法: 定冠词the的用法: (1特指某(些人或某(些物: The ruler is on the desk. (2复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school. (4在序数词前: John’s birthday is February the second. (5用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况: (1专有名词前:China is a big country. (2名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等: This is my baseball. (3复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers. (4在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday. (5一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30. (6球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词the:I play the guitar very well. (7学科名称前:My favorite subject is music. (8在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li. (9固定词组中:at noon at night by bus 练习: 1. ___ earth is on