被动语态讲解及练习说课材料.docVIP

被动语态（Passive Voice） 【语态】(Voice)（主动语态和被动语态） 1、语态的分类： （1）主动语态：动作的执行者作主语。 （2）被动语态：动作的承受者作主语。 2、被动语态的动词特征：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称：be + p.p.),变否疑。 3、被动语态的时态： （1）一般现在时的被动语态： is/am/are + p.p. 否定：isn’t/am not/aren’t +p.p. （2）一般过去时的被动语态： was/were + p.p. 否定：wasn’t/weren’t + p.p. （3）一般将来时的被动语态： will+ be + p.p. 否定：won’t be +p.p. （4）情态动词的被动语态： must/can/may+ be + p.p. 否定： mustn’t/can’t/may not + be +p.p. (5) 现在完成时的被动语态: have/has+been+p.p. 否定: haven’t/hasn’t +been + p.p. （说明：以上5种为必须要掌握的形式，以下3种为了解的形式。） （6）现在进行时的被动语态： is/am/are + being + p.p. 否定： isn’t/am not/aren’t + being + p.p. （7）过去完成时的被动语态； had + been + p.p.否定：hadn’t + been + p.p. （8）过去将来时的被动语态： would + be + p.p.否定：wouldn’t + be + p.p. e.g., (1) The exercise must____________(finish) today. (2) Football _________(play) in the world. (3) My wallet___________(steal) yesterday. (4) The bridge ___________(build)now. (5) The story_____________(read) by me for three weeks. 4、被动语态的变化步骤： (1)划分主语、谓语和宾语 (2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语 (3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式（要保持原来的时态形式） (注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式) (4)将主动语态的主语变成“by+宾格”结构（可以省略） e.g. (1) People named the two pandas “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan”. (2) We will finish the work in two days. (3) We must protect forests. (4) I have kept the dog for two years. *(5)Did the dog eat the meat? *(6)Who has take the books away? Keys(参考答案): (1) The two pandas were named “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan” (by people). (2) The work will be finished (by us) in two days. (3) Forests must be protected (by us). (4) The dog has been kept (by me) for two days. (5) Was the meat eaten by the dog? (6) Who(m) have the books been taken away by? 5、不用被动语态动词： （1）have 有 （2）look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词 （3）take place /happen （4）get to/arrive(at/in)/reach到达 （5）rise升起,上升 （6）ring(铃响) （7）begin/start开始 （8）lie躺 ※The book sells well.(这本卖得好)※The meat cooks well. （8）return(回来，回归—不用被动，归还—可用被动语态) （9）leave(离开—不用被动语态，留下/遗忘—可用被动语态) e.g. (1)The idea ________(sound) great. Let’s go toget