初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习(全面).docxVIP

小菜学英语 小菜学英语 Practice makes perfect! PAGE PAGE # / 16 语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式， 它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语 ，但 可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动 词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语 和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、 构成：to do .否定式 not to do 二、 常见时态：一般时 to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式 to have been doing 三、 动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语） 后置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、 特征等的形容词（如 kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前 常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢， 对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的 动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个 for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. Its our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省） 2. Its hard for us En glish well. A. learn B. lear ns C. to lear n D. learning（江西省） 建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。 It will the workers over a year the flyover.（ 北京市海淀区 ） Its very nice you to get me two tickets the World Cup. A. for ， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to（安徽省） KEYS: 1. A 2.C 3. take, to build 4. B 2、作句子的表语:不定式放在be动词后面，用作表语如： Her dream is to be a policema n. My job is to help the patie nt. Your task is to clea n the classroom. My dream is to own a robot. The doctor s suggestio nase more exercise. The best way is to talk to your pare nts. His pla n is to travel to Beijing this summer. My purpose is to help you solve this problem. 3、作句子的宾语:不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语。能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物） 彳艮多，常见的有 want, lik