机械工程专业+故障模式和影响分析（柴油发动机.docx

PAGE IV 摘 要 故障模式和影响分析（FMEA）是一种工程方法，能够明确的表示出局部的故障对系统的影响，从而对已经确定发生故障的部位进行风险分析。 本文首先讨论了实施可靠性风险评估的目的和意义，以及相关的理论和方法，对模糊集理论，故障模式和影响分析等进行了系统的评述。一般而言，在确定FMEA风险因子数值的过程中，往往是以对系统设计以及操作有着较高熟悉程度的专业人员的工作经验为基础的，存在一定的主观性，其经验水平以及相关研究资料的完善程度对于最终评估结果的准确性、客观性以及真实性有着极为重要的影响。为了解决传统故障模式和影响分析（FMEA）的不足，我们将模糊理论与传统的FMEA结合起来。通过模糊风险优先级值（FRPN）评估故障模式的优先级，模糊风险优先级值指的是通过加权的方式来计算出故障发生频率、故障严重程度以及故障模式检测程度的几何平均值，与此同时，通过α截集以及优化模型对FRPN进行相应的计算。然后介绍了在基于模糊FMEA理论的基础上对柴油发动机进行故障分析的流程，最后列举出了模糊FMEA在柴油机可靠性评价中的应用实例。 关键词 发动机；风险评价；FMEA；模糊理论；可靠性分析 Diesel?engine?reliability?analysis?based?on?fuzzy?fault?mode?and?influence?analysis Author:Wu Haoming Tutor：Wang Yaoyao Abstract Failure mode and impact analysis (FMEA) is an engineering method which can clearly show the impact of local faults on the system, so as to carry out risk analysis on the parts where faults have been identified. This paper first discusses the purpose and significance of implementing reliability risk assessment, as well as related theories and methods, and systematically reviews fuzzy set theory, failure mode and impact analysis. The value of risk factors in a FMEA is determined by an expert team familiar with the design and operation of the system based on experience. The inadequacy of expert experience and the imperfection of data will affect the accuracy of the evaluation results. In order to solve the inadequacy of the traditional failure mode and impact analysis (FMEA), we combine the fuzzy theory with the traditional FMEA. The priority of fault mode was evaluated by fuzzy risk priority value (FRPN), which is the fuzzy weighted geometric mean of the frequency of fault occurrence, the severity of fault and the detection degree of fault mode. Then the flow chart of fault analysis of diesel engine based on fuzzy FMEA theory is introduced, and the application example of fuzzy FMEA in diesel engine reliability evaluation is given. Key words Engine; risk assessment; FMEA; fuzzy theory; reliability analysis 目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 摘