曼哈顿GMAT系列SC笔记.pdf

一、语法和语义 Grammar and Meaning 1. Grammar: Does the sentence adhere to the rules of Standard Written English? 2. Meaning: Does the sentence clearly indicate the author’s intended meaning? Meaning Errors 1. Choose your words Eg: right: The court declared that Jack must pay full damages Wrong: The court declared that Jack should pay full damages explanation: on the GMAT exam, the word ” should ” only mean “moral obligation ”, something the court cannot impose. 2. Place your words 3. Match your words (主语和谓语在一起要有意义 ) 4. Avoid Redundancy a. GMAT 考试中很常见的一种累赘错误是在一个句子中使用了两 个意思重复的词语。例如： The value of the stock rose by a 10% increase . Right: The value of the stock rose by 10% b. 要注意时间的表达词语。尤其是当一个时间表达未被划线，或 者两个表达相同时间的词语看起来不同 精品文库 练习： 1. (choose word) No matter how much work it may require, getting a MBA degree turns out to be a wise investment. 替换： Even though it requires much work, 解析：原句要表达的意思是，不论主语花费的工作量有多大，它都是一个明智 的投资 （may 是关键词）； 而替换句中把 may 去掉，意思变为“即使它要求 很大工作量，它是一个明智的投资。因此替换句改变了原句的意思。 Tip: 当划线句中有情态动词时，必须格外注意，如果选项中没有对应意思的情 态动词，那么一般为错选。 2. (place word)The driver took the people for a ride who had been waiting. 替换： the people who had been waiting for a ride. 解析：虽然替换句更正了原句中 who 指代不明的情况，但是却改变了作者的意 思。正确修改为：The people who had been waiting were taken for a ride by the driver. 3. (choose word)Rising costs to raw materials may impel us to rise prices farther 替换： costs of raw materials may impale us to raise prices further. 解析：将 ”to ”换为 ”of ”正确 , 表示 raw material 花费的钱； raise 替换 rise 正确， raise 后面直接跟宾语， 而 rise 通常用在没有直接宾语的语境中， 如 interest rose in May. 将 farther 替换为 further 正确， farther 指距离， further 指某事的程度 ; 然而，用 impale 替换 impel 是错误的， impale 表示将某物钉在某物上 4. （place word） She is the