(完整版)介词加关系代词定语从句.docVIP

“介词 + 关系代词 ”引导的定语从句 “介词 +关系代词”型定语从句五大考点 “介词 +关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点 , 近年来高考对这一语法结 构的考查大有升温之势。 在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有 which 和 whom 。如先行词是物，引导词用 which ；如先行 词是人，则引导词用 whom 。如： This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai. This is the student for whom I bought the book. 考点 1 简单介词 +关系代词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用 whom, 指物时只能用 which ；介词选择的 依据主要是根据从句中的 动词、形容词、 名词与介词的固定搭配 而定；或者 以先行词与从句 中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定 ；或者 以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定 ，并且 含 有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后 。 （1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词或介词搭配，构成动词短语。例如： Is this the car for which you paid a high price? (pay for) In the dark street, there wasn t a single ’person to whom she could turn for help. (turn to sb for help) The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. (shake hands with sb) （2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。例如： The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about) The teacher of whom the students in our class are fond is Mr Wang, our English teacher. (be fond of) （3）根据定语从句所修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方 法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词 +关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用 when, where, why 替换。例如： I ” ll never forget the dayon which (=when) I joined the army. The factory in which (=where) his father works is far away from my hometown. I don ” t know the reason for which (=why) he was late. 4）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。例如： This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera. This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years. This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. (2004 全国卷 ) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days. 解析：关系代词 which 指代 the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是： The sailing time of the journey was 226 days. 故答案选 A 。 (2004 全国卷 ) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 解析：本句主句部分 是 The English play at the New Years party was a great success.从句 全 独立的句子是 :My students act