4.1 全通系统生物信息技术.pdf

An all-pass system is defined as a system which has a constant amplitude response. That is, |H()|=A, (4.1) where H() is the frequency response of the system, and A is a constant. Now consider a typical all-pass system. Assume that a stable system has the system function 1 * z a H(z) 1 . (4.2) 1az Note that the zero and the pole of H(z) are conjugate reciprocal (that is, they have reciprocal amplitudes and the same phase). Then, it can be shown that this system is an all-pass system. Proof. Letting z=ej  in (4.2), we obtain j  * j  * j  e a j  (1ae ) H(e ) j  e j  . (4.3) 1ae 1ae From (4.3), we obtain |H(ej )|=1. (4.4) Thus, this system is an all-pass system. Now assume that the above all-pass system is causal. Then, it can be shown that this system must have a positive group delay. Proof. Letting z=ej  in (4.2), we obtain ej  a* (4.5) H(ej ) j  . 1ae Since |H(ej )|=1, (4.5) can be written as j  * j  e a (4.6) exp[j H(e )] j  . 1ae Differentiating both the si