Poling_B.E.,_Prausnitz_J.M.,_OConnell_J.P_0241-0300英文精品课件.pdfVIP

VAPOR PRESSURES AND ENTHALPIES OF VAPORIZATION OF PURE FLUIDS 7.13 parameters are applicable, it is very accurate. Of all the methods shown in Table 7-3, the Wagner equation has the largest number of correlated parameters and is the most accurate. Both the Ambrose-Walton and Riedel estimation methods per- form well at higher temperatures. At low temperatures the Ambrose-Walton method does better for the hydrocarbon, n-tetradecane, while the Riedel method does better for the alcohol, 1-octanol. The estimation methods presented in this chapter require the critical properties of a compound. When the critical properties are not known, a predictive method recently presented by Li, et al. (1994) may be used. This is a combination group- contribution, corresponding-states method that requires only the normal boiling point and the chemical structure of the compound. The authors claim more accurate results than those obtained with the Riedel method. If the normal boiling point is not known, the predictive group-contribution method reported by Tu (1994) may be used. Tu reports average errors of 5% with his method. Both of these latter two methods are applicable to polar as well as nonpolar fluids. When no vapor-pressure data are available, when one is uncertain of the molecular structure of a compound, or if a petroleum fraction is being considered, the SWAP equation (Edwards, et al., 1981; Macknick, et al., 1978; Smith, et al. 1976) may be used. Other correlations that have been published may be found in Bloomer, 1990; Campanella, 1995; Le- danois, et al., 1997 and Xiang and Tan, 1994. Recommendations. If constants are available in Appendix A or other reference for a particular fluid, use these along with the appropriate equation. The Antoine equation should not be used for temperatures outside the range listed in Appendix A.