初三定语从句讲解.docVIP

初三定语从句讲解 三、定语从句复习概要 ?1．在复合句(包括主句和从句)中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。如： ??? The man who lives next to us sells vegetables．住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的。 ??? You must do everything that I do．你必须做我所做的一切。 ?2．由that，which，who (whom)等关系代词引导的定语从句，关系代词可在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。通常which指事物，who指人(作宾语时用whom)，that既可指人也可指物。但在使用时有所区别： ??? A.定语从句须用that引导的情况： ??? (1)先行词是all，much，little，none, no, any, some等不定代词或由no-，any-，every-构成的复合不定代词。如： All that is worth doing should be done well．一切值得做的事都应该做好。 ??? There is little money that I can spend on books．我几乎无钱买书。 Everything we saw in the museum great interested us. 我们在博物馆里看到的每一件事情都使我们很感兴趣。 ? ??? (2)先行词被the only，the very，the same, the last等词修饰时。如： The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察。 This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. 这是我最后一次给你们上课。 ? ??? (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如： We will never forget the first lesson(that) our chemistry teacher gave us．化学教师上的第一课我们永远难忘。 This is the first trip that I have made in my life. 这是我有生以来第一次出行。 ? ??? (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如： The most difficult problem that I met with is how to get enough money to buy these books. 我遇到的最困难的问题就是怎样得到足够多的钱把这些书买下来。 This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever bought. 这是我所买的最好的字典。 This is the biggest lab that we have ever built in our school. 这是我们学校已经兴建的最大的实验室。 ? (5)先行词同时包含人和事物时。如： We talked about the persons and the things that we remembered in the school for half an hour. 我们谈论了半小时我们所记得的学校里的人和事。 The visitor spoke highly of the children and the performances (that) they saw at the Childrens Palace．来宾们高度评价他们在少年宫见到的孩子们及其表演。 ? ??? (6)当主句为who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，习惯上多用that。如： Which of us that knows any English doesnt know the meaning of UFO? 我们懂英语的人中谁不知道UFO的意思? ? ??? (7) 被修饰成分为表语，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。例如： Tom is not the boy (that) he used to be．汤姆已不是过去的那个男孩了。 That is a good book that will help you a lot. 这是本对你很有帮助的书。 My home village is no longer the place (that) it used to be. 我的故乡已不再是过去的那个样子了。 ? ? ??? (8)当主句以There be开头时。如： Th