汽轮机旁路控制新版系统BPC.docVIP

摘 要 汽轮机旁路系统是现代单元机组热力系统一个组成部分。它功效是，当锅炉和汽轮机运行情况不相匹配时，即锅炉产生蒸汽量大于汽轮机所需要蒸汽量时，多出部分能够不进入汽轮机而经过旁路减温减压后直接引入凝汽器。另外，有旁路还负担着将锅炉主蒸汽经减温减压后直接引入再热器任务，以保护再热器安全。旁路系统这些功效在机组开启、降负荷或甩负荷时是十分需要。当机组冷态开启时，在汽轮机冲转、升速或开始带负荷时锅炉产生蒸汽量要比汽轮机需要蒸汽量大，此时旁路系统可作为开启排汽用。这么，锅炉能够独立地建立和汽轮机相适应汽温和汽压，确保二者良好综合开启，从而缩短了机组开启时间，也延长了汽轮机使用寿命。和向空排气相比及回收了工质，又消除了噪音污染。在机组快速降负荷时，要求汽轮机快速关小主汽门，而同时锅炉只可能缓慢降负荷，即锅炉跟不上要求，此时旁路系统起着减压阀作用。这种情况下，旁路系统存在使锅炉能独立和汽轮机而继续运行。降负荷幅度越大，越快速，越显示其优越性。对于甩负荷事故情况，旁路系统能使锅炉保持在许可蒸发量下运行，把多出蒸汽引往凝汽器。让运行人员有时间去判定甩负荷原因，并决定锅炉负荷是应深入下降还是继续保持下去，方便汽轮发电机组很快重新并网。 关键词 大型火电机组，旁路控制，运行调试 Abstract Large-unit is the main power of electricity industry, along with global energy Insufficiency and progress of environment consciousness, now surpercritical and ultra-supercitical units that are high efficiency and low emission have been outstanding epquipmengts in the world. large –unit reprsents the tadvanced thermal process theoty, material science and automatic technology. cooperating control between bypass system and large-unit. with safety, high efficiency, low emission, which have close relationship with economic benefit[17]. Bypass system is important auxiliary equipment of operation of large-unit, and has many funcions, such as coopreating startup, recycling process fluid, reducing consumption, decreasing emission. Bypass system has several process steps, including pressure reduction, desuperheating etc, and adopts automatic control method under different operation modes. Typical big unti bypass system comprises of high pressure bypass and low pressure bypass, individually executes different functions in unti operation. Bypass system operation control shall correspond with unit control system operation, and equip interlock device. Adding-bypass system is a system project, through bypass design, operation control mode selection, key element choice, system match, installation and commission, excellent cooperati ve startup among untis, to complete relevant functions. Bypass system has achieved widely domestic appliance, and