(完整版)高中定语从句详解修改版.docVIP

高中定语从句详细讲解 一 定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词： that, which, who, whom, whose, as ( 主语，宾语，定语 ) 关系词 关系副词： when, where, why （状语） The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 先行 宾语 词 主语 定语 作用 及物动词宾语或没 被提前的介词宾语 被提前的介词宾语 指人 who/that,as who/whom/that,as 介词 +whom whose/of whom 指物 that/which,as that/which,as 介词 +which whose/of which 1．先行词指 人且在定语从句中作 主语 ，需用 who/that 引导，且 不能省略 The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 This is the teacher who/that teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．先行词指 人且在定语从句中作 宾语 ，需用 whom/who/tha t 引导，且 能省略 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom/who/that ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom/who/that) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3．先行词指 物且在定语从句中作主语，需用 that/whic h 引导，且 不能省略 Football is a game that/which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 He likes to read books that/which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 先行词指 物且在定语从句中作 宾语 ，需用 that/whic h 引导，且 能省略 That is the book (that/which) I want to read. 5． Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意： Whose+ 名词 =the+ 名词 +of whom/which=of +whom/which+ 名词 This is the scientist whose achievements are well-known. =This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well-known. =This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well-known. This is the housewhose window broke last night. =This is the house,the window of whic h broke last night. =This is the house,of which the window broke last night. “介词 +关系代词 ”引导的定语从句 ① 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由 “介词 +关系代词 ”引出。 1 指物用介词 +which ，指人用介词 +whom Tomorrow I ’ bringll here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I ’ bringll here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.