神经系统课件：小脑.pptVIP

Epithalamus 上丘脑 Includes Thalamic medullary stria 丘脑髓纹 Habenular trigone 缰三角含缰核 Habenular commissure 缰连合 Pineal body 松果体 属内分泌器官，产生褪黑素， posterior commissure 后连合 Epithalamus 上丘脑 Pineal body 松果体 长期光照 → 松果体褪黑素↓ → 腺垂体促性腺激素提前分泌 → 性早熟 Subthalamic nu 底丘脑核 Thalamus Substantia nigra 黑质 Subthalamus 底丘脑 Transition zone between diencephalons and tegmentum of midbrain Contain subthalamic nucleus(底丘脑核), parts of red nucleus and substantia nigra Hypothalamus 下丘脑 Position－lies ventral to thalamus Boundaries Superiorly: hypothalamic sulcus Inferiorly: optic chiasma 视交叉 tuber cinereum 灰结节 Infundibulum 漏斗 hypophysis 垂体 mamillary body 乳头体 Anterior: lamina terminalis 终板 Posterior: continues with midbrain tegmentum Supraoptic nucleus 视上核－produce vasopressin 加压素 Paraventricular nucleus 室旁核－produce oxytocin 催产素 Infundibular nucleus 漏斗核 Mamillary nucleus 乳头体核 Paraventricular nucleus Supraoptic nucleus Mamillary nucleus Paraventriculohypophyeal tract Supraopticohypophyseal tract infundibulum posterior lobe of hypophysis anterior lobe of hypophsis tuberoinfundibular tract Paraventricular nucleus Paraventriculohypophyseal tract Supraoptic nucleus Supraopticohypophyseal trac posterior lobe of hypophysis Inferior hypophyseal a. Hypophyseal v. 垂体门脉 hypophysial portal veins Hypothalamus Function （1） Regulates functions of neuroendocrine system 神经内分泌调节中心 （2） Autonomic nervous system 皮质下内脏活动中枢，调节体温、摄食、生殖、 水盐代谢及内分泌活动 （3）与边缘系统联系密切，参与情绪行为反应 （4）视交叉上核可能是人类昼夜节律(生物钟)的起 搏点 Third ventricle Position: lies within diencephalons Boundaries Roof: choroids plexus Floor: optic chiasma, tuber cinereum, infundibulum and mamillary body Anterior: lamina terminalis Posterior: continuous with mesencephalic aqueduct Lateral wall: dorsal thalamus and hypothalamus Communication Third ventricle →mesencephalic aqueduct → fourth ventricle Thanks