简单句并列句及状语从句.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 简单句、 并列句 、 复合句之状语从句 英语中句子的分类 I、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定） 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）： Do they like reading? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 提醒： 在以let’s开头的祈使句之后，反意疑问部分用shall we。 以let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问句部分用will you。3）祈使句 4）感叹句： How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。e.g. How clever a boy he is! How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。 e.g. How lovely the baby is! What +名词/名词短语+陈述语序。 e.g.What noise they are making! What cold weather it is! What +a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。 e.g.What a clever boy he is! II. 按句子的结构可分为三种： 一、简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 五种基本句型列式如下： 1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 二、 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接词。 e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 提醒:“祈使句+otherwise/or/and+简单句”也是一个固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句, 但必须将and 或or 去掉。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. (=If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.) 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, however, yet, while（然而，表对比）, when（此时）等。 e.g. I was making a phone call when (and just at that time) the door was blown open. 我正在打电话突然门被风吹开了。 We were about to go out when it started to rain. 我们就要出去，突然老天开始下雨了。 Tom is thin while his wife is fat.汤姆很瘦，而他爱人很胖。 Our math teacher is strict while our English teacher is outgoing. 我们的数学老师很严格，而英语老师很随和。 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. 三、复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子