八年级英语语法句子的种类知识点专题复习及练习.doc

八年级英语语法句子的种类知识点专题复习及练习 句子按用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：She is eighteen years old; She didn’t do her homework yesterday. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like dancing? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 陈述句主要是用来说明一件事实，肯定什么或者否定什么。因此这类句子的主要分成两大类：肯定句和否定句。陈述句的末尾用句号“.”，用降调来朗读。 1. 肯定陈述句： 主语+谓语动词+其它 主语是叙述一件事的主体。一般放在句首。而谓语动词是说明主语干什么或状态的句子成分。一般放在主语之后。谓语动词有各种形式和时态的变化。 (1)用系动词表示如： I am a Chinese. (2)用各种行为动词的各种时态表示，如： My father goes to work by car. 2.否定陈述句： (1)句子中通常带有否定词not，not一般加在be动词、情态动词、助动词后面。 如：She is not from England. (2)当谓语动词是行为动词时，前面加上助动词do, does, did+ not，行为动词用动词原形。 如: He doesnt know. 1. There is some food and drinks in the fridge. (虹口) There is food drinks in the fridge. 2.Henry put on his scarf before he left the office. (青浦) Henry __________ __________ on his scarf before he left the office. 3. They both are editors of the school newspaper. (嘉定) _____ of them ______ an editor of the school newspaper. 4.Jerry has to work hard to feed his large family.（浦东） Jerry ______ _______ to work hard to feed his large family. 5. You can leave your bag in your car when you go shopping in the supermarket. (普陀) You_______ _______ your bag in your car when you go shopping in the supermarket. 疑问句常用来询问一件事情或一个情况是否属实。按照语法结构和交际功能来说，分成一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。 1. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句通常用yes或no来回答，读升调。 (1)一般疑问句中谓语动词的位置： Ⅰ. 把be动词、情态动词、助动词放在主语之前，如： Is he a policeman? II. 谓语动词是行为动词，在主语前面加上助动词do/does/did,行为动词用原形，如： Do you like apples? (2) 一般疑问句的回答： a. 肯定回答：Yes，主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词 否定回答：No，主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not Are you a doctor? Yes,l am. b. There be句型的回答是Yes, there is( are／..). ／No, there isnt (arent. . .)如: Is there any water? Yes, there is. Are there any apple trees in the garden? No, there arent. 1. The English students and teachers had a party last Friday evening. (普陀) the English students and teachers