被动语态讲解(1)主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：.pdf

初中被动语态语法讲解 主动句变为被动句所遵循的 4 个步骤： 1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2、把动词变为被动形式即 be + 过去分词， 并注意其人称和数随主语的变化， 而动词的时态则保持不变。 3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在 by 后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的 宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4 、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 (一 ) 语 态 分 类 英语动词有两种语态 . ，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行 者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. ( 主动 ) A new bridge will be built over the river. ( 被动 ) 汉语中常用 “被 ”、 “给”、 “由”、 “受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二 ) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在 be 的变化上，其形式与系动词 be 的变化形式完全一样。 一般现在时： am / is / are + done 一般过去时： was / were + done 一般将来时： shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时： should / would + be done 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时： was / were + being + done 现在完成时： have / has + been + done 过去完成时： had + been + done 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三 )常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me t