英语音标入门 (2).doc

英语音标入门 一．英语共有48个音素，元音20个(发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍) 辅音28个（发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍） 元音 /i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /ɑ:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/ /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 清辅音 (发音的时候声带不振动,发音部位比较靠前，在口腔前部，不振动声带，发音的时候感觉人在往前倾,)/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /t?/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/ ? 浊辅音(发音的时候声带要振动, 发音部位比较靠后，在轰隆部位，发音时候感觉头在往后倾)/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/?/?/ /d?/ /dr/?/dz/ /r/ /m/ /n/ /?/?/?/ /w/ /j/ s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/ 二．具体发音 元音 /i:/ be he cream eat green need /?/ big city /e/ any many bed best breakfast /?/ at bag /?:/ her birth first /?/ hello ruler /ɑ:/ afternoon class art card /?/ color come young country bus but /?:/ all also report short more store /?/ want watch clock from your four /U:/ do movie cool food you group /?/ put /e?/ age case day May great /a?/ ice like night /??/ boy toy /??/ go no boat coat show know /a?/ found sound how now /??/ really dear year /e?/ /??/ 辅音 /p/ pen play /t/ table take /k/ call can key kid school black rock /f/ family father laugh cough phone photo /θ/ thank thing /s/ city sad salad /?/ sure sugar machine she shoe /t?/ future natural chair chess watch match /tr/ trip trumpet /ts/ bats hats /h/ hat have who /b/ bag ball /d/ dad date /g/ game get guard guess /v/ video violin /e/ that this /z/ is his zero zigzag /?/ usually pleasure /d?/ biology giraffe job join /dr/ draw drawer /dz/ beds cards /r/ red ruler write /m/ many math climb autumn /n/ name nice sign foreign know /?/ sign /?/ last late /w/ want watch what why /j/ year yes 一月至十二月:January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December 春夏秋冬: spring, summer, autumn（fall）, winter 时间： second 秒,minute分 ,quarter一刻钟 ,hour 小时 ,day 天 ,week 周 ,month 月 ,year 年 century 世纪 ,morning早晨 ,noon中午,afternoon 下午 night傍晚 ,midnight深夜 星期：Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期天 1—100： One 1 two 2 three 3 four 4 five 5 six 6 seven 7 eight