同等学力申硕英语语法辅导.docxVIP

2010 年同等学力申硕英语语法辅导（第 1 讲） 动词不定式（一） 不定式由“ to+ 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to do ”。不定式可以带宾语状 语构成不定式短语， 没有人称和数的变化， 但有时态和语态的变化。 不定式可作主语、 宾语、 状语、 表语和定语， 但不能单独作谓语。 不定式的逻辑主语可用“ for+ 名词或代词宾格”构成。 1. To see is to believe. （主语） 2. It is right to give up smoking. （主语） 3. He wanted to go. （宾语） 4. I find it interesting to work with him. （宾语） 5. I have some books for you to read. （定语） 6. I came here to see you. （状语） 7. The question is difficult to answer. （状语） 8. He is too old to do that. （状语） 9. The room is big enough to hold us. （状语） 10. To tell the tru th, I don ’ t agree with you. （独立结构） 11. He gave the order to start the attack. （同位语） 在 feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带 to 。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带 to 。 I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. They made the boy go to bed early. The boy was made to go to bed early. 不定式动词在介词 but, except, besides 后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带 to ，否则要带 to 。 She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go. They desired nothing but to succeed. 在 cannot but, cannot choose but 与 cannot help but 之后的不定式一般不带 to. I cannot but admire his courage. He could not choose but love her. The cause could not help but be advanced today. 在 would rathe  r, would sooner, other than would rather  ? than  等之后用不  to 的不定式。 I would rather go than stay. No one could do other than admire it. They would sooner go for a drink. 不定式作定 ，如果其与所修 的名 或代 呈 关系 ，即通常所 的反 射不定式，此 不定式的 是不及物 ， 或者所修 的名 或代 是不定式 作的地点、工具等，不定式后面 有相 的介 。 There is nothing to worry about. He is looking for a room to live in. Please give me a knife to cut with. I need a pen to write with. 但是，不定式所修 的名 如果是 time, place 或 way, 不定式后面的介 上要省 去。 He had no money and no place to live. 不定式与疑 who, which, when, where, how, what 用，可充当主 、表 、 等。  等 用，有句中起名 作 He didn ’ t know what to say. How to solve the problem is very important. My question is when to start. I can tell you where