高二英语Unit10Frighteningnature人教版知识精讲知识精讲.docxVIP

高二英语 高二英语 Unit 10 Frightening nature 人教版 【同步教育信息】 本周教学内容： Unit 10 Frightening nature 教学目标： Master some phrases and sentence patterns Talk about natural disasters: volcanoes and typhoons Write a creative writing 教学重点与难点： Learn about Ellipsis 具体内容： Background information Volcanoes There are thousands of volcanoes all over the world. What makesvolcanoes? What happens? The inside of the earth is very hot. Because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice. It has becomeliquid, like water. It is always boiling, like water in a kettle. If you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out. The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out. Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong. But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak. Sometimes a crack appears. The hot melted rock, which we call “ lava ” , pushes up through the crack and bursts through. Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out. Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air. After a while the volcano becomes quiet again. The melted lava becomes hard. Later the same thing happens again and again. Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard. In this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle . Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet and no more lava will burst out. Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later. Although there are thousands of volcanoes in the world, most of them are dead. Only about 500 sometimes start to throw out lava again. A famous volcano which is now dead is Mount Fujiyama in Japan. It is covered with snow in winter. Vesuvius is the name of a very famous volcano in Italy. It first came to life many, many years ago. It was quiet for hundreds of years. Then in the year 79 it suddenly burst. A great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks, which fell all around. Hot lava po