最新软件工程复习资料-英文.docx

软件工程复习资料-英文 Lecture 1 An In troducti on to Software Engin eeri ng what does software engin eeri ng concern? 1） Software engineering is concerned with theories , methods and tools for professi onal software developme nt. 2） Software engineering is concerned with cost-effective software developme nt. What is software? Software in cludes: computer programs data structures documents What is the two types of software products Gen eric software（ 通用软件）and custom software （定制软件） The three key eleme nts of a successful software project are: on time , within budget , satisfies the user s needs Gen eric activities in all software processes are: Specification （描述），Developme nt （开发），Validati on （有效性验证） Evolution （进化） The attributes of good software include: Maintainability （可维护性），Dependability （可依赖性），Efficiency （有效 性）9 Acceptability （可接受 Lecture 2 Software Processes What is a software process model A software process model is an abstract represe ntati on of a software process. It prese nts a descripti on of a process from some particular perspective. Draw the graphic presentation of Waterfall model and describe its character. 1） 这种模型把软件过程划分成几个顺序的阶 段。阶段间具有依赖性，前一个阶段结束，后 一个阶段才能开始； 2） 这种模型很难对用户变更做出调整，只适用 于需求非常清楚和需求变更被严格限制的情 况下 Describe the basic principle of evolutionary development and its two types 进化式开发的基本思想是先开发一个原 型给用户使用，通过用户反馈意见来不断修改 系统直到最后成熟，所以又被称作快速原型开 发方法。它不主张将描述、开发和有效性验证 等活动分开进行，而是让这些活动迭代执行， 同时让这些活动能得到快速的反馈信息。 进化式开发有两种基本类型：探索式开发 和抛弃式原型法。 Draw the graphic prese ntati on of in creme ntal delivery and describe its character f Define outline \ icqiiircmciitsvol op system kiciementValidate incrementTdiMgnEt［丿 f Define outline \ icqiiircmciits vol op system kiciement Validate increment TdiMgnEt［丿 * t 严mu 丿 sysiein Final system 在这种开发方式中，系统不是作为一个整体 交付，而是被分解成若干个增量，每个增量交付 系统的部分功能。用户的需求按优先级排队，优 先级最高的需求被放入最早交付的增量中。这 样，优先级最高的系统功能就 得到最多的测试， 系统的可靠性较高。 5 Describe the characters of Spiral developme nt. (对照模型去理解) Process is represented as a spiral rather than as a sequenee of activities wi