介词+关系词的用法.docxVIP

介词+关系词怎么用？介词加关系词分别等于什么？ 答：一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时， 我们通常用 “介词＋关系代词” 引导定语从句。 如果指人”，用介词+ whom ;如果指物”，用介词+ which 。例如： Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office? Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week? ?使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点： （ 一） 选用介词的依据： （1） 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯 （即固定短语 ） 。例如： Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. （2） 根据先行词的搭配习惯 （约定俗成，不一定是短语 ） 。例如： The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist. （3） 根据句子的意思来选择。例如： The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside. （4） 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词 of 。例如： I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer. （ 二）在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用 （ 短语拆开后含义发生变化 ），如 look after, look for 等。例如： The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.（ 正 ） The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.（ 误 ） （三）“ of which / whom ”有时可以用whose+名词”结构来改写。例如： The building whose roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired. =The building of which the roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired. （ 四） 当先行词为 way 并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用 in which 或 that 引导定语从 句（in which 或that可省略）；如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导 （that 或 which 可省略 ） 。例如： All of us disliked the way（in which / that）Tom settled the maths problem. I don t understand the way（that/which）the teacher explained to me. （五）in that 不可以引导定语从句，但可以引导原因状语从句。例如： She didn t attend the meeting in that / because she was seriously ill. 二、“介词＋关系代词”与关系副词的转化 （1） 当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词 where 引导，此 时也可选用表示地点的介词+ which来代替关系副词 where。例如： I visited the village where many children couldn t go to school because of poverty. =I visited the village in which many children couldn t go to school because of poverty. （2） 当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词 when引导，此 时也可选用表示时间的介词+ which来代替关系副词 when。例如： We d better fix a date when we will practice speaking English next week. =we d better fix a date on which we will practice speaking English