2021年整理since的用法.pptxVIP

since;试比较：1. Since I’ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.自从我到这 所学校，我们已换了三个校长了。 Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters.自从我离开这所学校，他 们已换了三个校长了。 2.He has never been to see me since I have been ill. 自从我生病以来，他从未来看 过我。 He has never been to see me since I was ill. 自从我病愈以来，他从未来看过我。 由此可见，since 引导的从句持续动词的一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的意思 恰好相反。换言之，一般过去时持续动词以肯定的语法形式反映着否定的逻辑内;;;帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了 前所未 有的繁荣。（which / that 在句中作主语） The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。 (which / that 在句中作宾语） 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 when, where, why 关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which 结构交替使用，例 如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由 吗？ that 代替关系副词 that 可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代 when, where, why 和介词+ which引导的定语从 句，在口语中 that 常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可 能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无 宾语，就必须要 求用关系代词。例如： （错??? This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when 联系在一起。此两题错在关系 词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择 出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句 中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。 例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago? （对）Is this the museum where the exhib